Facts vs Inferences

Fact – Lisa has missed six days of work this month so far.
Inference – Lisa is calling in sick each time and therefore is either a hypochondriac or too sickly.
Judgement – Lisa is unreliable and shouldn’t be promoted or given heavy responsibility.

In fact, Lisa might well be taking care of an ill child, or parent, or any number of other such scenarios.

Fact – Peter hardly ever talks to people at school.
Inference – Peter is a snob and doesn’t like us.
Judgement – Since Peter doesn’t like us, we won’t try to be friends with him and perhaps we will actively try to make him miserable.

Actually, Peter is very shy and has a hard time approaching people he doesn’t know well.